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describe the effectiveness of different attempts to address urban sustainability challenges.identify different urban design initiatives and practices.explain the internal structure of cities using various models and theories.
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explain how cities embody processes of globalization.explain the processes that initiate and drive urbanization and suburbanization.Unit 6: Cities and Urban Land-Use Patterns and Processes
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explain geographic variations in female roles in food production and consumption.explain the societal and environmental consequences of agricultural practices, and explain challenges and debates around the changing nature of contemporary and food-production practices.explain the interdependent regions of agricultural consumption and production.explain the consequences of the second agricultural revolution and the Green Revolution.identify domestication centers for plants and animals, and explain how different plants and animals diffused globally.identify different rural settlement patterns.explain how geography and economics affect agricultural practices.Unit 5: Agriculture and Rural Land-Use Patterns and Processes define centripetal and centrifugal forces and how they apply at the state scale.explain the factors that lead to the devolution of states or challenge state sovereignty.define federal and unitary states, and explain how they affect spatial organization.explain the nature and function of international and internal boundaries.define and describe political power territoriality and types of political boundaries.explain the factors that shape contemporary political geography.read world political maps and define and identify different types of political entities.explain how historical processes impact contemporary culture.define the types of diffusion explain how universalizing religions become diffused and describe how diffusion results in changing cultural landscapes.explain patterns and landscapes of language, religion, ethnicity, and gender.define culture and describe the characteristics of cultural landscapes, including how land and resource use reflect cultural beliefs and identities.describe types of migration, including reasons why people migrate and the effects that migrations have at scale.explain the causes and impacts of aging populations.explain the changing role of women, and how it influences different societies.explain the factors and theories of population growth and decline, including population and immigration policies.understand how populations are composed, and how geographers study population composition.understand and explain the different methods that geographers use to measure population density.learn about the factors that influence population distribution and density, and explain how population distribution and density affect society and the environment.Unit 2: Population and Migration Patterns and Processes define scales of analysis used by geographers: global, regional, national, and local.
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